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ATM card cloning is a form of financial fraud where criminals copy the data from a legitimate debit or credit card and transfer it to a counterfeit card. Criminals use specialized tools and software to steal card information, often through skimming devices, malware, or hacking.
Skimming is one of the most common methods criminals use in ATM card cloning. They attach small, often inconspicuous devices to legitimate ATMs, gas station pumps, or point-of-sale terminals. These skimmers actively read and store the card’s magnetic stripe data during a swipe, while hidden cameras or fake keypads capture the user’s PIN. After collecting the data, attackers transfer it to computers or mobile devices and encode it onto blank cards using a card writer or re-encoder. In more advanced operations, cybercriminals install malware directly onto ATMs or POS systems, allowing them to harvest card data from multiple users over time without using physical devices. They can remotely control and update this malware, making it easier to adapt their tactics and avoid detection.